2016年4月12日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --在The FASEB Journal四月刊登的一项研究中,科学家们发现一种叫做“CB2”的大麻素受体能够帮助调节精子的生成。这不仅证明大麻素会影响男性生殖,还为治疗男性不育提供了一种治疗策略。
来自意大利罗马第二大学的Paola Grimaldi博士参与了这项工作,他表示:“这项研究的一个重点内容就是探索改善男性生殖能力的方法。目前全世界大约15%的家庭存在不孕不育的问题,而男性方面的因素占到20%~70%。”
在这项研究中,Grimaldi和他的同事们用不同物质处理三组小鼠,进行了14到21天观察。第一组小鼠接受了CB2受体的特异性激活剂处理,第二组小鼠接受了CB2受体的特异性抑制剂处理,第三组小鼠只接受了生理盐水处理,作为对照组。
研究人员发现接受CB2受体激活剂处理的小鼠精子发生过程加快,而接受抑制剂处理的小鼠该过程的发生变慢。这表明CB2激活的精确平衡对于精子发生过程是非常重要的。
The FASEB Journal的总编辑Thoru Pederson表示:“这篇文章证明内源性大麻素能够为精子发生过程提供一些获益,因此用化学激动剂进一步刺激精子发生过程或许可以成为治疗男性不育的一种新的手段。”这对于那些因为男性因素而无法生育的家庭来说无疑是一个绝好的消息。
该研究目前还处于动物试验阶段,并且内源性大麻素还在其他生理过程中发挥作用,因此如何将动物试验结果转化到人类,又如何在治疗过程中规避内源性大麻素对其他生理过程的影响仍然值得关注。(生物谷Bioon.com)
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doi:10.1096/fj.15-279034
Type 2 cannabinoid receptor contributes to the physiological regulation of spermatogenesis
Daniele Di Giacomo*,1, Emanuela De Domenico*,1, Claudio Sette*,†, Raffaele Geremia* and Paola Grimaldi
Type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2) has been proposed to play a pivotal role in meiotic entry of male germ cells, similar to retinoic acid (RA). In this study, we showed that activation of CB2 with the specific agonist JWH133 [3-(1′,1′-dimethylbutyl)-1-deoxy-8-THC] (IC50 10−6 M) mimics epigenetic events induced by RA (IC50 10−7 M) in spermatogonia. Both JWH133 and RA treatments stimulate the expression of the meiotic genes c-Kit and Stra8, by up-regulating H3K4me3 and down-regulating H3K9me2 levels in genomic regions flanking the transcription start site. Moreover, both agents increase the expression of Prdm9, the gene encoding a meiosis-specific histone, H3K4me3 methyltransferase, which marks hotspots of recombination in prophase I, thus resulting in a global increase in H3K4me3. Notably, prolonged administration of JWH133 to immature 7 dpp CD-1 mice induced an acceleration of the onset of spermatogenesis, whereas the specific CB2 antagonist delayed germ cell differentiation. Thus, both hyper- and hypostimulation of CB2 disrupted the temporal dynamics of the spermatogenic cycle. These findings highlight the importance of proper CB2 signaling for the maintenance of a correct temporal progression of spermatogenesis and suggest a possible adverse effect of cannabis in deregulating this process.—Di Giacomo, D., De Domenico, E., Sette, C., Geremia, R., Grimaldi, P. Type 2 cannabinoid receptor contributes to the physiological regulation of spermatogenesis.